Abstract of Triangulation

Evaluation of Triangulation System for the implication of GPS in India

Abstract

The NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS), first launched in 1978, is designed by the U.S.
Department of Defense, demonstrates many benefits for positioning requirements. The system
is suitable for different type of applications and platforms. The GPS navigation is used
everywhere on land, at sea and in the air able to provide service
to an unlimited number of users. Many possible GPS receiver implementations are possible and
can range from external sensor coupling to a navigation system. The idea behind an integration
of GPS with a navigation system (INS, AHRS, or a Doppler Radar Navigation Systems (DRNS)) is
the ability of the overall combined system to provide a solution by either GPS receiver, by the
host navigation, or by the combination of the two.
The horizontal positions of points is a network developed to provide accurate control for
topographic mapping, charting lakes, rivers and ocean coast lines, and for the surveys required
for the design and construction of public and private works of large extent. The horizontal
positions of the points can be obtained in a number of different ways in addition to traversing.
These methods are triangulation, trilateration , intersection, resection and satellite
positioning.The method of surveying called triangulation is based on the trigonometric
proposition that if one side and two angles of a triangle are known, the remaining sides can be
computed. Furthermore, if the direction of one side is known, the directions of the remaining
sides can be determined. A triangulation system consists of a series of joined or overlapping
riangles in which an occasional side is measured and remaining sides are calculated from angles
measured at the vertices of the triangles. The vertices of the triangles are known as
triangulation stations. The side of the triangle whose length is predetermine, is called the base
line. The lines of triangulation system form a network that ties
together all the triangulation stations.